CNC Machine Tools
CNC Machine tools usually consist of a table that moves in the X and Y axes, and a tool spindle that moves in the Z axes(depth). The position of the tool is driven by motors through a series of step-down gears in order to provide highly accurate movements, or in modern designs - direct-drive stepper motors.
CNC Machines usually have an enclosure for the entire mechanism in a large box as a safety measure, often with additional safety interlocks to ensure the operator remains safe during the operating of the machine. These tools are completely electronically controlled.
CNC - like systems are now used for any process that can be described as a series of movements and operations. These include laser cutting, welding, friction stir welding, ultrasonic welding, flame and plasma cutting, bending, spinning, pinning, gluing, fabric cutting, sewing, tape and fiber placement, routing, picking and placing (PnP), and sawing.
